Search results for "High-order services"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
Metropolises stability vs. change
2003
In everyday language and even in some scientific work, the term “metropolis” evokes nothing more than a very large city, a focus for all that is good — and bad — about urban life. The vast literature on metropolises and metropolization, especially in Europe over the last 20 years, shows that things are anything but straightforward. Population alone is probably not a necessary condition and obviously not a sufficient condition to characterize a metropolis. Somany phenomena are associated with this term that, like Lacour (1999), we may wonder whether this diversity is evidence of just how rich or just how poor the concept is. Producing a meaningful definition is indeed a challenge (...)
High-order services and spatial change in the central and eastern European countries
2004
This paper examines the level of high-order services in the CEECs. These services are of growing strategic importance across the whole range of production sectors in developed economies (Bailly and Coffey, 1994). They are both the cause and the consequence of globalization, in a cumulative process. It is through high-order services that large cities, and the regions around them, become closely interconnected within global networks. These services are fundamental features both in the changing pattern of regional disparities across an enlarged EU and in the process of metropolization (Bourdeau-Lepage, 2004a and Bourdeau-Lepage Huriot, 2002 and 2004). The development of high-order services wil…
Varsovie, une nouvelle métropole
2003
Depuis la chute du mur de Berlin, de profondes modifications économiques, politiques et sociales ont vu le jour dans les Pays d’Europe Centrale et Orientale. Parmi ces transformations, la naissance de nouveaux acteurs économiques, leur adaptation aux conditions de l’économie de marché et notamment leur entrée dans les réseaux globaux modifient, jour après jour, les anciens équilibres entre les métropoles européennes. Certainesgrandes villes comme Budapest ou Varsovie suivent un processus original d’adaptation aux nouvelles conditions économiques, politiques et techniques qui résulte à la fois du poids de leur histoire et de leur capacité de transformation. Dans ses grandes lignes, l’évoluti…
The metropolis in retrospect : from the trading metropolis to the global metropolis.
2005
SummaryMetropolization is not a new phenomenon: metropolises have been around for centuries. The prime and permanent function of a metropolis is the coordination of economic activities at a world scale. This function has been applied to different activities in history, depending on technological conditions and economic organization, and consequently it generated different forms of metropolises. The resulting continuities and discontinuities in the metropolises' evolution can be understood in terms of agglomeration economies. In the pre-industrial period, the trading metropolis coordinates long range trade. The industrial revolutions generate new needs for coordination of production and give…